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"proxy" is a term used to describe a server "proxy" means the idea of a proxy frequently called a proxy server is software that acts to act as an intermediary for client and server on the internet. Without the use of a proxy, users can send a request for the server directly, and the server would serve the requested resource directly to the user. While this is a simple method to grasp and use, proxies can provide advantages such as more performance as well as security and privacy and so on. As a layer of pass-through, the proxy acts as a security layer to the internet between users and servers.




It is generally accepted that the combination of server hardware that is paired with the software to install proxy servers is often called proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxy servers which are typically considered to be software but specifically with respect to web servers. We will present a summary of the two main types of proxies: that is the reverse proxy as well as a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type comes with its own application scenario, which is often misinterpreted due to the similar terminology.




This article will give you an idea of what proxies as well as their subtypes and ways that they can prove useful in various configurations. If you read this article you'll learn to identify the circumstances in which the use of proxies is beneficial, and then determine the best alternative between reverse proxy and forward proxy for a particular scenario.



Understanding Forward Proxies



A forward proxy, also known as the open proxy serves as the client's representative who is trying to send an internet request to a source server. In this scenario, every attempt to send requests by the user will be handled by forward proxy. The forward proxy, taking the place of the client will review the request. Then, it will decide whether the client is permitted to send requests via this specific forward proxy. Then, it'll orally reject a request and transfer it on to the server that originated the request. The client is not able to have direct connection with the Internet. It is only able to connect to what the forward proxy permits the client to access.




The primary reason for people for using forward proxy services is to increase security or privacy when surfing the internet. Forward proxy allows you to connect to the internet rather than clients, and in this process, it uses a different IP address than the IP address used by the client.




Based on the way it's setup, and based on the way it's set up forward proxy can offer a variety of features, allowing users to:




Beware of ad-tracker.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can determine restrictions based upon your geographical place of residence.




Forward proxies are also utilized to secure systems that are centralized and have access is based on permissions, such as at work. If all internet traffic goes through a common forward proxy layer, an administrator could limit access for only a select group of internet users, which is filtered by the common firewall. Instead of setting up filters for client layers which can be used by a variety of computers, with various settings and types of users, it is possible to set up an firewall that is located in the layer that forwards proxy traffic.




It is important to note that forward proxy servers must be manually configured for use before they can be used, while reverse proxy servers can be hidden from the view of clients. Based on whether or not an IP address belonging to a user is relayed to the origin server by the forward proxy privacy and anonymity are granted or denied.




There are a variety of options to consider for forward proxies.




Apache An open source, well-known web server with forward proxy capabilities.


Nginx is another widely-used open-source webserver, which includes forward proxy features.


Squid: A free forward proxy which uses the HTTP protocol. It's not part of the complete web server. Check out our instructions on how to configure Squid proxy to permit private connections on Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol rather than HTTP which makes it more suitable for applications such as peer-to-peer connections. It is also possible to check out how to set up Dante proxy to permit private connections on Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy functions as an agent for a server on the internet, that handles customer requests on behalf of. The server could be a single, or multiple servers. It could also serve as an app server like Gunicorn. In either case the request will be made via the internet in general. In most cases, the request is sent directly to the web server that hosts the resources that the client requires of. Instead, a reverse proxy acts as an intermediary, and separates this webserver from all direct interactions with the web's public.




From the point of view of the individual client's perspective the procedure of using reverse proxy is not different than working with the server on its own. It's the same, but the client can't discern the difference. The client requests the resource, and then receives it, without additional configuration required from the user.




Reverse proxies provide features like:




The server for the web is secure centrally.


Traffic coming into your site is routed based upon rules you set.


A new feature to cache has been added.




While centralized security is a benefit of both reverse and forward proxy servers. However, reverse proxies provide this benefit only to the server layer and not the client layer. Instead of focusing on maintaining firewalls at the server layer which could contain multiple servers, each with different configurations, the majority of firewall security is concentrated in the reverse proxy layer. Additionally, removing the responsibility of communicating with firewalls and interacting with client requests away from web servers enables the firewall to focus on meeting the needs of their customers.




If there are multiple servers located within a reverse proxy it is also accountable for the way requests are routed through which server. There could be multiple web servers offering the identical service, providing various kinds of resources or a combination of both. These servers may use the HTTP protocol to serve as a web server in the traditional sense, but can also include applications server protocols like FastCGI. It is also possible to set up reverse proxy servers to redirect users to specific servers based on the resource requested or to follow specific rules regarding traffic load.




Reverse proxies also gain by their positioning in front of web servers, by providing the ability to cache. Large static assets can be configured using caching rules to avoid hitting web servers on every request. There are solutions allowing you to serve directly static assets, without connecting with the server on any manner. Furthermore, the reverse proxy is able to compress these assets.




The well-known Nginx web server can also function as a reliable reverse proxy service. Although Apache is also a reverse proxy service however, the Apache web server is outfitted with reverse proxy function which is an additional feature that is available for Apache but Nginx was initially designed to and concentrates specifically on reverse proxy features.



The difference is between Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use Cases



Because "forward" as well as "reverse" are associated with the notion of directionality as well as misleading comparisons to "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic These labels could be confusing since both types of proxies deal with the processing of requests and replies. An alternative method to distinguish between forward and reverse proxy is to look at the requirements of the application that you're creating.




A reverse proxy is useful when you are developing a method to connect web-based applications to the internet. They serve as your web servers when you connect to the internet.




Forward proxy is useful when used before customers for your personal use or in an environment that is professional. They serve as the proxy for your client when you interact with the internet.




Differentiating by case of use instead of solely focusing on the common naming conventions will help you avoid confusion.



Conclusion



This article describes the meaning of a proxy with two types: forward proxy and the reverse proxy. Practical examples of its use and a review of the advantageous features were used to distinguish forward proxies and reverse proxy. If you're keen to learn more about proxy servers, read our guide on how to configure Nginx as a reverse proxy by using Apache on one Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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