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Ty Initiative stages 4 and 5, indicating severe and very severe renal failure, were excluded. The remaining 171 patients entered the analysis presented here. Blood samples for determination of serum creatinine levels were drawn immediately after ICU admission and every 24 hours thereafter. The difference between admission (i.e. baseline) serum creatinine and the values after 24 and 72 hours were calculated as Crea24 and Crea72. AKI was defined by the criteria published by Mehta and colleagues [3] using the serum creatinine at admission as baseline value (Table 1). NSE Staurosporine serum levels were measured 72 hours after admission with an enzyme immunoassay (Elecsys 2010, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Mannheim, Germany).Materials and methodsThe study protocol was approved by the local ethics committee on human research. All data were collected within the normal daily intensive care routine in an anonymous fashion. The institutional review board therefore waived the need for informed patient consent. In a retrospective analysis, we idenTable 1 Classification/staging system for acute kidney injury Stage Serum creatinine criteriaUrine output criteria Less than 0.5 ml/kg per hour for more than 6 hoursIncrease in serum creatinine of more than or equal to 0.3 mg/dl ( 26.4 mol/l) or increase to more than or equal to 150 to 200 (1.5 to 2-fold) from baseline Increase in serum creatinine to more than 200 to 300 (> 2 to 3fold) from baseline Increase in serum creatinine to more than 300 (> 3-fold) from baseline (or serum creatinine of more than or equal to 4.0 mg/dl ( 354 mol/l) with an acute increase of at least 0.5 mg/dl (44 mol/l))2Less than 0.5 ml/kg per hour for more than 12 hours Less than 0.3 ml/kg per hour for 24 hours or anuria for 12 hoursClassification/staging system for acute kidney injury as provided by Mehta and colleagues [3]. Individuals who receive renal replacement therapy are considered to have met the criteria for stage 3 irrespective of the stage they are in at the time of renal replacement therapy.Page 2 of(page number not for citation purposes)Available online http://ccforum.com/content/13/5/RNeurological outcome was assessed at the time of ICU discharge according to the Pittsburgh cerebral performance category (CPC) [15]. The classifying physician was blinded to the intention of the study. CPC 1 and 2 were classified as a favorable neurological outcome whereas CPC 3, 4 and 5 were regarded as an unfavorable outcome. The software MedCalc?9.3.2 (MedCalc Software, Mariakerke, Belgium) was used for statistical analysis. Continuous data are presented as median and 25 to 75 interquartile range PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16989806 (IQR) unless stated otherwise. Binary variables are presented as numbers and percentages. Mann-Whitney U testing was performed to compare continuous data, and Fisher's exact test was used to compare proportions. Simple and multivariable regression analyses were used as appropriate. Sensitivity and specificity of Crea24 to predict outcomes were determined by analysis of receiver-operator characteristics (ROC) curves. The significance level was set at P < 0.05.likely to be female, and less likely to receive bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation, these differences did not attain statistical significance. As expected, a favorable outcome was significantly associated with ventricular fibrillation as monitored as an initial rhythm, lower NSE serum levels and the application of therapeutic hypothermia.Course of serum creatinine In the overall study population.

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